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冲压模具毕业设计英文原文和汉语翻译
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- 冲压模具毕业设计英文原文和汉语翻译
Heat Treatment of Die and Mould Oriented Concurrent Design
LI Xiong,ZHANG Hong-bing,RUAN Xue—yu,LUO Zhong—hua,ZHANG Yan
Abstract:
Many disadvantages exist in the traditional die design method which belongs to serial pattern. It is well known that heat treatment is highly important to the dies. A new idea of concurrent design for heat treatment process of die and mould was developed in order to overcome the existent shortcomings of heat treatment process. Heat treatment CAD/CAE was integrated with concurrent circumstance and the relevant model was built. These investigations can remarkably improve efficiency, reduce cost and ensure quality of R and D for products.
Key words:die design; heat treatment; mould
Traditional die and mould design,mainly by experience or semi—experience，is isolated from manufacturing process.Before the design is finalized，the scheme of die and mould is usually modified time and again，thus some disadvantages come into being,such as long development period,high cost and uncertain practical effect.Due to strong desires for precision,service life,development period and cost,modern die and mould should be designed and manufactured perfectly.Therefore more and more advanced technologies and innovations have been applied,for example,concurrent engineering,agile manufacturing virtual manufacturing,collaborative design,etc.
Heat treatment of die and mould is as important as design,manufacture and assembly because it has a vital effect on manufacture，assembly and service life．Design and manufacture of die and mould have progressed rapidly，but heat treatment lagged seriously behind them．As die and mould industry develops，heat treatment must ensure die and mould there are good state of manufacture，assembly and wear—resistant properties by request. Impertinent heat treatment can influence die and mould manufacturing such as over—hard and—soft and assembly．Traditionally the heat treatment process was made out according to the methods and properties brought forward by designer．This could make the designers of die and mould and heat treatment diverge from each other，for the designers of die and mould could not fully realize heat treatment process and materials properties，and contrarily the designers rarely understood the service environment and designing thought. These divergences will impact the progress of die and mould to a great extent. Accordingly，if the process design of heat treatment is considered in the early designing stage，the aims of shortening development period，reducing cost and stabilizing quality will be achieved and the sublimation of development pattern from serial to concurrent will be realized．
Concurrent engineering takes computer integration system as a carrier,at the very start subsequent each stage and factors have been considered such as manufacturing，heat treating，properties and so forth in order to avoid the error．The concurrent pattern has dismissed the defect of serial pattern,which bring about a revolution against serial pattern．
In the present work．the heat treatment was integrated into the concurrent circumstance of the die and mould development，and the systemic and profound research was performed．
1 Heat Treatment Under Concurrent Circumstance
The concurrent pattern differs ultimately from the serial pattern(see Fig．1).With regard to serial pattern，the designers mostly consider the structure and function of die and mould，yet hardly consider the consequent process，so that the former mistakes are easily spread backwards．Meanwhile，the design department rarely communicates with the assembling，cost accounting and sales departments．These problems certainly will influence the development progress of die and mould and the market foreground．Whereas in the concurrent pattern，the relations among departments are close，the related departments all take part in the development progress of die and mould and have close intercommunion with purchasers．This is propitious to elimination of the conflicts between departments，increase the efficiency and reduce the cost．
Heat treatment process in the concurrent circumstance is made out not after blueprint and workpiece taken but during die and mould designing．In this way，it is favorable to optimizing the heat treatment process and making full use of the potential of the materials．
2 Integration of Heat Treatment CAD／CAE for Die and Mould
It can be seen from Fig．2 that the process design and simulation of heat treatment are the core of integration frame．After information input via product design module and heat treatment process generated via heat treatment CAD and heat treatment CAE module will automatically divide the mesh for parts drawing，simulation temperature field microstructure analysis after heat—treatment and the defect of possible emerging (such as overheat,over burning)，and then the heat treatment process is judged if the optimization is made according to the result reappeared by stereoscopic vision technology．Moreover tool and clamping apparatus CAD and CAM are integrated into this system．
摘要：
在一系列方式中，传统模具设计方法存在许多缺点。众所周知,热处理对模具起着非常重要的作用。为了克服模具热处理工艺存在的缺点，一种新的模具热处理工艺并行设计方法已经被开发出来了。热处理CAD/CAE技术是集成了并行环境和有关模型而建立的。这些调查研究可以显著提高效率，降低成本，并保证产品质量达到R和D级。
关键词：模具设计；热处理；模具
传统模具设计主要是依照自身实践经验或依照部分实践经验，而不是制造工艺。在设计完成之前，模具方案通常要被一次又一次的改进，于是有些缺点便出现，例如开发时期长，成本高和实际效果不明显。由于对精确性、使用寿命、开发期和费用的严格要求，先进的模具要求设计和制造得十分完善。因此越来越先进的技术和创新方法被应用其中，例如并行工程、敏捷制造业、虚拟制造业、协同合作设计等。
模具的热处理与模具设计，制造和装配同样重要。因为它对模具的制造装配和使用寿命又及其重要的影响。模具设计与制造发展十分迅速，但是热处理发展却严重滞后它们。随着模具工业的发展，热处理必须保证模具有良好的制造装配和磨损耐热性能。不切实际的热处理将导致模具材料过硬或过软，同时影响模具装配性能。传统的热处理工艺是按照设计师提出的方法和特性制作出来的。这样会使模具设计师和热处理工艺师意见产生分歧，而模具设计师却不能充分地了解热处理工艺和材料的性能，相反热处理工艺师却很少了解模具的使用环境和设计思路。这些分歧将在很大程度上影响模具的发展。因此，如果把热处理工艺设计放在设计阶段之前，则缩短开发周期，减少花费和保证质量等目标将会被考虑，而且从串行到并行的发展模式也将会实现。
并行工程是以计算机集成系统作为载体，在开始以后，每个阶段和因素都被看作如制造、热处理、性能等等，以避免出现错误。并行模式已经摒除了串行模式的缺陷，由此带来了一场对串行模式的革命。
在当前的工作中，热处理被集成到了模具开发的并行环境中，同时也正在进行这种系统性和深入性的研究。
1.热处理下的并行环境
并行模式与串行模式存在根本的不同（见图1）。对于串行模式，设计者大多考虑的是模具的结构与功能，但很难考虑相关的工艺，以致前者的错误很容易蔓延到后面。与此同时，设计本门很少与装配，预算会计和销售部门沟通。这些问题当然会影响模具的开发进度和市场前景。然而在并行模式中，不但以上部门关系联系密切，所有参加模具开发的部门都与买家有密切的交流。这有助于协调各部门消除矛盾，提高工作效率，同时降低成本。
(a)串行模式 （b）并行模式
图1.基于摸具开发的串行工程与并行工程系统框架示意图
并行环境下的热处理工艺不是在方案和工件确定以后，而是在模具设计的时候制定出来的。这样的话，将有利于优化热处理工艺，充分利用材料。
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